考研英语阅读英文原刊《经济学人》：英国和它的移民们

　　卡梅伦先生已经失去了一个通过选举来的英国独立党，在接下来的几周可能会失去另一个，他的根基在明年春季大选也逐渐在被侵蚀，因此他转移到右派是不足为奇的。但这是一次大规模、快速的跳跃。去年，当他揭开了欧盟的改革策略面纱时，卡梅伦先生没有提到移民这一个令人关注的领域。他的目标就是官僚主义，而不是作为工会主要优势之一的自由迁移制度。自那时以来，保守党表示，他们希望限制移民利益，让来自未来欧盟成员国家的公民等待更长的时间才被允许在英国工作。现在卡梅伦先生在欧盟提到“固定”英国移民，而他的顾问们对远远超出规定数量的移民提出了一个“紧急制动”的主意，甚至针对现有欧盟成员。这都将在不久的一次演讲中揭开谜底。

　　An emergency brake would be foolish in two ways. First, it is unlikely to succeed in its primary aim—fixing UKIP. A few voters may be tempted back to the Tory fold, but UKIP will always be able to outgun its rivals on promises to keep out foreigners. And most of the fears about mmigration are a proxy for wider, especially economic, disgruntlements — as differences in ttitudes between different bits of the country suggest. London, the city most changed by immigration, is generally relaxed about it, while several of the areas most determined to keep out mmigrants, such as north-east England, have hardly seen any. An emergency brake will not ssuage the anxiety in such places even if Mr Cameron could introduce it, which he probably annot.

　　紧急刹车是愚蠢的行为，具体表现在两个方面。首先，对它的首要目标是不可能成功的—固定英国独立党。一些选民可能会回到保守党阵营，但英国独立党总是能够在承诺赶出外国人方面击败竞争对手。大多数移民带来的恐惧是广泛的，特别是经济和不同国家之间的差异态度等方面的不满。伦敦，移民改变了这座城市，一般情况下的政策是宽松的，而一些最坚定的赶走移民的地区，如英格兰东北部，几乎没有看到任何移民。紧急刹车不会减轻这些地方的焦虑，即使卡梅伦先生介绍，也不可能。

　　This is the second problem with his tactic. Free movement of labour is one of the EU's four core reedoms. There is vanishingly little chance that other member states will concede it. And if Mr ameron promises British voters concessions he cannot deliver, he risks not just exacerbating anti-EU feeling, but also cornering himself into a position from which he has to campaign for

　　withdrawal from the union.

　　这是他策略的第二个问题。劳动力的自由流动是欧盟的四大核心自由之一。是其他的成员国无法比拟的。如果卡梅伦先生承诺英国选民作出让步，但他不能实现，不仅加剧了反欧盟的感觉，也威胁到了他自己的地位，他就不得不从欧盟退出竞选。

　　Mr Cameron started with an admirable reform agenda, which would help the whole EU. If he akes demands that will never be met he will set that agenda up for failure—and also raise the hances that vexed Britons will end up voting to leave the EU. That is a high price to pay for a few KIP votes.

　　卡梅伦先生最开始提出的是一个令人钦佩的将有助于整个欧盟的改革议程。但如果他提出的是将永远不会被满足的要求，这个议程最终会因他以失败告终，并且加大英国人最终会投票离开欧盟的机会。这是为了几个英国独立党选票的高的代价。

　　考生关注：