2018考研英语阅读：例证题的解题思路

　　今天我们要分析的是例证题的做题思路。通过阅读文章“区分论点论据”是大纲对阅读的明确要求。该题型在每年的真题当中一般会考一个到两个。虽然分值比重不高，但是这种题目是有固定解题策略的，掌握了方法后就能十拿九稳。首先对于例证题的识别大家要清楚，题干中经常会出现example和illustration这样的词，来看两个例子：What does the example of Indian illustrate? The author quotes the example of our ancestors to show that education emerged ________. 这就是标准的例证题题干，要采用例证题的做题思路来做。我们来看一道真题：

　　Science, in practice, depends far less on the experiments it prepares than on the preparedness of the minds of the men who watch the experiments. Sir Isaac Newton supposedly discovered gravity through the fall of an apple. Apples had been falling in many places for centuries and thousands of people had seen them fall. But Newton for years had been curious about the cause of the orbital motion of the moon and planets. What kept them in place? Why didn’t they fall out of the sky? The fact that the apple fell down toward the earth and not up into the tree answered the question he had been asking himself about those larger fruits of the heavens, the moon and the planets.

　　题干：The author wants to prove with the example of Isaac Newton that ________.

　　[A] inquiring minds are more important than scientific experiments

　　[B] science advances when fruitful researches are conducted

　　[C] scientists seldom forget the essential nature of research

　　[D] unpredictability weighs less than prediction in scientific research

　　解析：题干出现example标志是例证题，问作者想用牛顿的例子证明什么?返回原文定位例子的出处，是在段落的第二句Sir Isaac Newton supposedly discovered gravity。根据例证的原则，例子的出现是为了证明主题论点，而论点通常是出现在例子之前，所以该题的答案不是从第二句找，而是从第一句找。Science, in practice, depends far less on the experiments it prepares than on the preparedness of the minds of the men who watch the experiments. 与其说科学以来的是准备好的实验，不如说它跟多的依赖于观察实验的人的头脑的准备。强调人的头脑的重要性，所以匹配的答案是A选项inquiring minds are more important。而其他三个选项都是在讲实验本身，不是论点句的核心信息。

　　考研英语阅读中的例证题是一类有着特殊解题特点的题目，做题时首先要找到例子的出处，然后再去前文找论点，匹配正确答案。希望考生多做真题，勤加练习，熟练掌握。