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2020考研英语作文高分法宝:结构(中间段)

最后更新时间:2019-10-18 14:11:42
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  时间飞逝,临近考研初试,现在开始要重视英语作文了,只背模板的复习方式是远远不够的,除了用词准确、多样,句式有所突破外。想要获得高分,首先要了解这作文的的结构模式。下面小编在这里给大家整理了考研英语作文结构详细分析,供大家进行参考。

  通过研究历年考研真题可以发现,考研英语大作文基本上是3段结构。第一段描述图画,从图片描述的细节中推导出文章的主题。第二段揭示图画内涵,并对图画的内涵进行分析、论证。第三段总结全文,照应题目,点明主旨,深化中心。

  接下来,我们仔细分析下中间段该怎么去写。

  02中间段方法

  考研大作文的中间段又称主旨段,一般是揭示图画内涵,并对图画的内涵进行分析、论证。中间段首先要写好主题句。写主题句时,要注意以下两点:

  ①段落主题句的内容应丰满,切忌空洞。一个段落的信息容量是有限的,如果主题句限定的范围太笼统,其内容就难以在一个段落中阐述清楚。

  例如:The relationship is depressing.看到这个话题,我们禁不住会问什么样的关系,沮丧到了何种程度,这都很难界定,让人无从下手。我们可以改写为:The relationship between parents and children is more depressing compared with decades ago.

  ②段落主题句应有展开的空间,不宜太具体。段落主题句限定范围太窄不利于段落的展开论述。

  例如:Going to college, one can make friends.看到这个句子的时候,相信大部分考生会有句子已经把话说完的感觉。原因是这个主题句限定的范围太窄了。我们可以改成:Going to college, one can learn more and thus make more suitable friends.

  写好主题句,接下来就是对主题句进行论证了。一般来讲,真正决定作文表达效果的还是中间段。为了紧扣题意,增强表达效果,中间段的写作可采用以下三种方法:因果论证法、对比法、举例法。

  (一)因果论证法

  因果论证法是给出一个论点,并从不同的几个方面分条列举原因或者可能的影响的方法。因果论证法常用的素材有:

  引出原因

  1. There may be a combination of factors which contribute to/are responsible for/can explain .

  也许有一些因素造成/可以解释。

  2. There are probably three/many/several/a variety of reasons for this dramatic/significant increase/decline in .

  引起显著增长/下降的原因有三个/许多/几个/很多。

  3. Some reasons can explain this trend. 一些原因可以解释这一趋势。

  4. Why ?为什么?

  5. The causes of are varied. They include , and perhaps the main cause is .

  造成的原因有很多,包括,主要原因可能是。

  6. The reason for this is not far to seek. 这一问题的原因不难发现。

  7. It is no easy task to identify the reasons for this phenomenon which involves several complicated factors.

  要找出这一现象的原因并非易事,因为它涉及若干复杂的因素。

  8. There are numerous reasons why , and I would explore only a few of the most important ones here. 的原因有很多,这里我只想探讨其中几个最重要的原因。

  9. There are many reasons responsible for this phenomenon, and the following are the typical ones.

  导致这种现象的原因有很多,以下是其中比较有代表性的。

  10. There are many reasons explaining this case. As for me, I regard the following as the typical ones.

  有很多原因可以解释该问题。就我而言,我认为以下原因比较典型。

  11. A number of factors could account for/contribute to/lead to/result in the change of .

  引起变化的因素有很多。

  12. Any discussion about this problem would inevitably involve .

  任何对此问题的讨论都不可避免地涉及。

  13. One may attribute/ascribe the increase/decrease/change to .

  人们可能将这一增长/下降/变化归因于。

  14. We may blame/criticize for ,but the causes/roots of the problem/phenomenon/trend go much deeper.

  我们或许会因为批评,但是这一问题/现象/趋势背后有着更深层次的原因。

  分条列举原因

  1. In the first place, . In the second place, .

  首先,。其次,。

  2. First, . Second, . 首先,。其次,。

  3. To begin with, . Secondly, . Last but not least, .

  首先,。其次,。最后但并不是最不重要的,。

  4. The first reason is that . The second one is . The third is .

  第一个原因是。第二个原因是。第三个原因是。

  5. First of all, . Secondly, . Furthermore, .

  首先,。其次,。另外,。

  6. For one thing, . For another, .

  一方面,。另一方面,。

  7. Firstly, . Secondly, . Thirdly, .

  首先,。其次,。再次,。

  8. Another reason why I disagree with the above statements is that I believe.

  我不同意上述观点的另一个原因是我认为。

  (二)对比法

  对比法是通过正反两方面的比较来阐释主题的方法。中间段中对比法的运用一般是先揭示图片内涵,再从正反两方面论证图片的内涵。对比法常用的素材有:

  1. The advantages gained in outweigh/are much greater than the advantages we gain from . 从中获取的优势远远超过我们从中获取的。

  2. bear(s) a close/striking resemblance to .

  与极为相似。

  3. On the one hand, . On the other hand, .

  一方面,。另一方面,。

  4. Similarly/Likewise/In the same way, . 同样,。

  5. Although enjoy(s) a distinct advantage, .

  尽管有明显优势,但是。

  6. Many students like . Among them there are two different attitudes to . Some of them think that . Others, however, don't think so. They feel that .

  许多学生喜欢。关于他们有两种不同的观点。有人认为。而另外一些则不赞同这种看法。他们认为。

  7. Nothing/Few things can approach/equal/match . 没有什么能与相比。

  8. Indeed, carries more weight than when is concerned.

  的确,就而言,的重要性要超过。

  9. Serious as the problem may be, it pales in comparison with .

  这个问题可能很严重,但与相比就微不足道了。

  10. In comparison/contrast, . 比较而言/对比起来,。

  11. Indeed/Certainly, play(s) a more/less important role when compared with .

  当然,与相比,的影响要大/小得多。

  12. Despite the fact that most of them like , I would like to choose to .

  尽管大多数人喜欢,我还是倾向于。

  13. When the advantages and disadvantages are compared/weighed, the conclusion/finding is quite obvious/self-evident. 比较一下优缺点,结论就不言而喻了。

  14. There is no consensus among people as to . Some people suggest that , while others argue that . I agree with the latter/former.

  人们并未就达成一致意见。一些人建议,而另一些人则认为。我赞成后者/前者。

  15. People differ greatly in their attitudes toward this problem. Some maintain that . Others, on the contrary, hold the opinion that . Personally, I stand on the side of .

  人们对于这个问题的态度差异很大。有人认为。与此相反,另外一些人认为。就我个人而言,我站在这一边。

  16. For most people today, have/has become their main source of . But as for me, should be regarded as a better source.

  如今大多数人将作为的主要来源。但就我而言,应被看作一种更好的来源。

  17. may be superior to , but it poses problems for those who .

  可能比更好一些,但它会给那些的人带来问题。

  18. Different people have different ideas about . Some people take it for granted that . On the contrary, some other people think .

  关于的观点因人而异。有人想当然地认为。相反,其他人则认为。

  19. This case has aroused echoes throughout the country with more and more people following its lead, but ideas about it vary widely. Those who oppose/object to/are against it argue/hold that , but people who advocate/support/are for it maintain/assert/claim that .

  随着越来越多的人加入它的行列,这一事件已经在全国引起了巨大反响。然而,人们对此的观点却迥然不同。反对者认为,但支持者则宣称。

  20. People differ in their opinions on . Some of them believe that , while others deem that .

  人们对持有不同的看法。有些人认为,而有些人则认为。

  21. Many surveys show that people in increasing numbers are beginning to realize that . Meanwhile, many people still live under the traditional idea that .

  许多调查显示,越来越多的人开始意识到。同时,仍有许多人持传统观点,认为。

  (三)举例法

  举例法是指通过列举事例或具体细节使主题句的抽象含义具体化,进一步说明主题句所表达的思想的方法。举例法能增强说服力和条理性。引出例子常用的素材有:

  1. From my everyday experience and observation I can list several examples that defend the statement that .

  根据我的日常经验和观察,我可以举出几个例子来证明。

  2. There are many instances supporting my opinion. 有许多例子可以证明我的观点。

  3. Perhaps the most important example of is .

  有关的最重要的例子可能是。

  4. A case in point is . 一个恰当的例子是。

  5. Take for example. 以为例。

  6. This is a concrete example concerning . 这是一个有关的具体例子。

  7. Nothing could be more obvious/apparent than the evidence that .

  再没有比更明显的例子了。

  8. I can think of no better illustration of this idea than the example of .

  要说明这个问题,是一个最好的例子。

  9. The latest surveys conducted by show/reveal/demonstrate/indicate that .

  由开展的最新调查显示,。

  10. No one can deny the fact that .

  没有人可以否认的事实。

  11. Talking about , the first thing that may occur to you and me seems to be .

  说到,我们首先想到的似乎就是。

  12. A common example, which is frequently cited, is .

  一个被普遍引用的例子是。

  13. Instances of the same sort might be quoted easily, but this will be sufficient to show that .

  类似的例子不胜枚举,但这一个就足以说明。

  14. History abounds with the example of . 历史上有许多方面的例子。

  15. The following example best illustrates the idea that .

  下面这个例子很好地说明了。

  16. As one writer/scientist/psychologist wrote/commented/pointed out/noted, .

  正如一位作家/科学家/心理学家所写/说/指出的,。

  17. It is a commonly accepted fact that . 是一个被普遍接受的事实。

  18. This is a typical/striking/notable illustration/example of .

  这是的典型例子。

  19. To the already familiar examples/facts, a few more/a number of other examples/facts can be added.

  除了这些已经熟悉的例子/事实,我们还可以举出其他的一些例子/事实。

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