2022考研英语长难句100句：2011英语二

　　英二·2011Text 1

　　But by the end of 2009 Ms. Simmons was under fire for having sat on Goldman’s compensation committee; how could she have let those enormous bonus payouts pass unremarked?

　　参考译文：但是到 2009 年年底，西蒙斯女士却由于担任高盛公司薪酬委员会委员受到抨击;她怎么能没有注意到那些巨额奖金的支出呢?

　　英二·2011Text 1

　　Although a correlation between them leaving and subsequent bad performance at the firm is suggestive, it does not mean that such directors are always jumping off a sinking ship.

　　参考译文：尽管外部董事的离职与公司随后的糟糕表现之间的关联让人难免揣测，但这并不意味着外部董事们总是在公司危难之时弃之不顾。

　　英二·2011Text 1

　　But the researchers believe that outside directors have an easier time of avoiding a blow to their reputations if they leave a firm before bad news breaks, even if a review of history shows they were on the board at the time any wrongdoing occurred.

　　参考译文：但是研究人员认为，即使回顾公司历史表明外部董事在担任董事期间公司发生了不法行为，但如果他们在坏消息传出前就离开公司，他们会更轻易地避免声誉受损。

　　英二·2011Text 2

　　The whirlwind that swept through newsrooms harmed everybody, but much of the damage has been concentrated in areas where newspapers are least distinctive.

　　参考译文：席卷报业机构的旋风伤害了每一个人，但是大部分的伤害都集中在毫无特色的报业领域。

　　英二·2011Text 3

　　We tend to think of the decades immediately following World War II as a time of prosperity and growth, with soldiers returning home by the millions, going off to college on the G. I. Bill and lining up at the marriage bureaus.

　　参考译文：我们往往把二战后的数十年视作繁荣和发展的时期，数以百万计的士兵回到家乡，根据«军人安置法案»读大学，或在婚姻登记处排队办理结婚手续。

　　英二·2011Text 3

　　During the Depression and the war, Americans had learned to live with less, and that restraint, in combination with the postwar confidence in the future, made small, efficient housing positively stylish.

　　参考译文：在大萧条和战争期间，美国人学会了节衣缩食地生活，并且这种克制同战后对未来的信心相结合，使得小而高效的房子成为绝对的时髦。

　　英二·2011Text 3

　　But they were popular because of their airy glass walls, the views they afforded and the elegance of the buildings’ details and proportions, the architectural equivalent of the abstract art so popular at the time.

　　参考译文：但它们却因轻薄的玻璃墙、提供的景观以及高雅的建筑细节和比例备受欢迎，这些建筑风格相当于当时极受欢迎的抽象艺术。

　　英二·2011Text 4

　　Markets have lost faith that the euro zone’s economies, weaker or stronger, will one day converge thanks to the discipline of sharing a single currency, which denies uncompetitive members the quick fix of devaluation.

　　参考译文：人们曾相信，欧元区经济体，无论强弱，只要本着使用统一货币的原则，就能避免那些缺乏竞争力的成员国采取货币贬值这一权宜之计，就能有朝一日走向统一。而如今市场已经丧失了这种信心。

　　英二·2011Text 4

　　It insists that economic co-ordination should involve all 27 members of the EU club, among whom there is a small majority for free-market liberalism and economic rigor; in the inner core alone, Germany fears, a small majority favor French interference.

　　参考译文：德国认为经济协调应包括欧盟俱乐部的全体 27 个成员;在这些成员中，赞同自由市场主义和严格的经济政策的占微弱多数。但单从核心成员来讲，德国担心微弱多数(的成员国)会赞同法国干预。

　　英二·2011Text 4

　　At its best, the European project is remarkably liberal: built around a single market of 27 rich and poor countries, its internal borders are far more open to goods,capital and labor than any comparable trading area.

　　参考译文：从其好的方面讲，欧盟工程是非常自由的：由于是围绕着 27 个贫富国家所组成的统一市场而建立的，其内部边界对商品、资本以及劳动力的流通比任何其他类似贸易区都更加开放。

　　详解

　　2011 英语二

　　1. [精讲]该句也是由分号隔开的两个并列分句构成，第一个分句的主干是 Ms. Simmons was under fire (西蒙斯女士受到批评) by the end of 2009 (到 2009 年年底) 是时间状语，for having sat on Goldman’s compensation committee (由于担任高盛公司薪酬委员会委员)是 for 引导的原因状语。第二个分句是个特殊疑问句: how could she have let those enormous bonus payouts pass unremarked? 这是考点所在，需注意(1) could have done 表示对过去发生事情的推测;(2)在 1et sth. pass(让某物得以通过)中，pass 作宾语补足语;(3) unremarked 在本句是形容词作伴随状语，修饰 pass，表示与之伴随的状况。本句的理解难点是疑问语气与后面否定词所蕴含的双重否定，“她怎么能让巨额奖金支出得以通过而未加注意呢?”弦外之意是“她应该注意到巨额奖金的支出”。

　　2. [精讲]该句的主干是 it does not mean that…。前面是 Although 引导的让步状语从句，从句主干是 a correlation is suggestive，介词短语 between…and…作后置定语，修饰限定 a correlation。mean 后接 that引导的宾语从句。宾语从句中 jumping off a sinking ship(跳离一艘正在下沉的船)，可以意译为“抛弃处于危难之中的公司”。

　　3. [精讲]该句的主干是 the researchers believe that…,believe 后面是 that 引导的宾语从句。宾语从句中主语是 outside directors，谓语是 have，宾语是 an easier time，其后是介词短语 of avoiding a blow to their reputations(避免声誉受损)作后置定语，修饰限定 time，接下来是 if 引导的条件状语从句 if they leave a firm before bad news breaks(如果他们在坏消息传出前就离开公司)，其中包含 before 引导的时间状语从句，最后是 even if 引导的让步状语从句。在该让步状语从句中，主语是 a review of history，谓语动词是 shows，宾语是省略了引导词 that 的宾语从句。在此宾语从句中，they 是主语，were 是系动词，表语是 on the board(在董事会)，其后是介词短语 at the time any wrongdoing occurred 作时间状语，其中包含省略了关系副词 when 的定语从句 any wrongdoing occurred，修饰限定先行词 the time。

　　4. [精讲]本句是由 but 连接的并列复合句，两个分句之间具有转折关系。前一个分句比较简单，whirlwind后是关系代词 that 引导的定语从句，修饰限定先行词 The whirlwind;后一个分句中，主语是 much of the damage，谓语是 has been concentrated in，areas 是介词 in 的宾语，areas 后是 where 引导的定语从句，修饰限定先行词 areas。

　　5. [精讲]本句主干是 We tend to think of the decades as a time，其中 think of…as…表示“将……视作…… ”，是常见的搭配。immediately following World War II 是 decades 的后置定语，of prosperity and growth 是time 的后置定语。with soldiers returning home by the millions, going off to college on the G.I. Bill and lining up at the marriage bureaus 是 with 引导的伴随状语，说明当时的情形。G.I.Bill 的正式名称是 the Servicemen’s Readjustment Act of 1944，也就是《军人安置法案》。该法案最先于二战末期起草生效，给退伍美军军人提供免费的大学或者技校教育，以及一年的失业补助。

　　6. [精讲]本句是由 and 连接的并列句。前一个分句中，主干是 Americans had learned to live with less(美国人学会了节衣缩食地生活)，句首 During the Depression and the war(在大萧条和战争期间)是介词短语作时间状语。在后一个分句中，主干是 that restraint made housing stylish (这种克制使得房子成为时髦)，主语是 that restraint，谓语是 made，宾语是 housing, stylish 作宾语补足语;in combination with the postwar confidence in the future(与战后对未来的信心相结合)是插入语，对 restraint 进行补充说明;small，efficient作定语修饰 housing; positively 作状语修饰 stylish。

　　7. [精讲]本句的主干是 they were popular;后面是 because of 引导的原因状语，在原因状语中 their airy glass walls，the views和the elegance是并列的名词短语共同作because of的宾语;they afforded是修饰the views的定语从句，of the buildings’ details and proportions 是 the elegance 的后置定语;the architectural equivalent of the abstract art 是同位语，对前面并列的三个名词作补充说明;句尾的形容词短语 so popular at the time 作定语修饰 the abstract art。

　　8. [精讲]本句的主干是 Markets have lost faith，后面是 that 引导的同位语从句，对 faith 的内容作解释说明。在 that 引导的同位语从句中，主语是 the euro zone’s economies，谓语是 will converge，两个逗号间的weaker or stronger(无论强弱)是插入语，对主语 economies 进行补充说明，one day 是时间状语，后面的thanks to the discipline of sharing a single currency 是原因状语，最后是关系代词 which 引导的非限制性定语从句 which denies uncompetitive members the quick fix of devaluation，对前面的先行词 the discipline作补充说明。在定语从句中，主语是 which，谓语动词是 denies，后面是 denies 的双宾语，即 deny sb. sth.(拒绝给予某人某物，不允许某人拥有某物或做某事)，denies uncompetitive members the quick fix of devaluation(不允许无竞争力的成员国采取货币贬值这一权宜之计，或者意译为“避免那些缺乏竞争力的成员国采取货币贬值这一权宜之计”)。

　　9. [精讲]本句是由分号隔开的两个并列分句组成，第一个分句的主干是 It insists that…，that 引导宾语从句，宾语从句中包含一个关系代词 whom 引导的非限制性定语从句，对先行词 members 作进一步补充说明，其中介词短语 for free-market liberalism and economic rigour(赞同自由市场主义和严格的经济政策)作后置定语，修饰限定其前面的 a small majority;在第二个分句中，主干是 a small majority favour French interference, Germany fears 是插入语，in the inner core alone(单从核心成员来讲)为状语。

　　10. [精讲]本句主干是 the European project is liberal，remarkably 是副词作状语修饰 liberal，冒号后面的部分是对冒号前句子的解释说明，该部分主干是 its internal borders are far more open，过去分词短语 built around a single market of 27 rich and poor countries 作原因状语，介词短语 to goods, capital and labour 作状语，than any comparable trading area 是比较状语。
　　(本文为跨考教育教研室老师原创，转载请注明出处。)