2022考研英语长难句100句：2012英语二

　　英二·2012Text 1

　　Unfortunately, L.A. Unified has produced an inflexible policy which mandates that with the exception of some advanced courses, homework may no longer count for more than 10% of a student’s academic grade.

　　参考译文：不幸的是，洛杉矶联合学区制定了一条不容变更的政策，该政策强制规定除了一些高级课程外，家庭作业在学生的学习成绩中所占比例不再超过 10%。

　　英二·2012Text 1

　　But if the district is essentially giving a pass to students who do not do their homework because of complicated family lives, it is going riskily close to the implication that standards need to be lowered for poor children.

　　参考译文：但如果它真的要让那些由于复杂的家庭生活而没有完成家庭作业的学生过关，洛杉矶联合学区就是近乎冒险地暗示需要为贫困儿童降低标准。

　　英二·2012Text 2

　　It is not that pink is intrinsically bad, but it is such a tiny slice of the rainbow and, though it may celebrate girlhood in one way, it also repeatedly and firmly fuses girls’ identity to appearance.

　　参考译文：不是粉色本身不好，而是它只是彩虹中如此微小的一部分。并且，虽然从某种意义上来说粉色能衬托少女的身份，但它也一再牢牢地将少女的特质融于外表。

　　英二·2012Text 2

　　Blue, with its intimations of the Virgin Mary, constancy and faithfulness, symbolized femininity.

　　参考译文：蓝色，暗示圣母玛利亚的坚贞和忠诚，象征着女性气质。

　　英二·2012Text 2

　　Trade publications counseled department stores that, in order to increase sales, they should create a “third stepping stone” between infant wear and older kids clothes.

　　参考译文：贸易出版物建议百货公司，为了增加销量，他们应该在婴儿服装和大一点的儿童服装之间开辟第三个跳板。

　　英二·2012Text 3

　　Companies had won patents for isolated DNA for decades—by 2005 some 20% of human genes were patented.

　　参考译文：几十年来，许多公司获得了分离出的 DNA 的专利——到 2005 年，大约 20%的人类基因获得了专利。

　　英二·2012Text 3

　　Critics make three main arguments against gene patents: a gene is a product of nature, so it may not be patented; gene patents suppress innovation rather than reward it; and patents monopolies restrict access to genetic tests such as Myriad ’s.

　　参考译文：批评者对基因专利提出了三大反对理由:基因是自然的产物，所以它可能不会被授予专利;基因专利不是鼓励创新，而是抑制创新;专利的垄断限制他人进行基因测试，就像麦利亚德公司那样。

　　英二·2012Text 4

　　No one tries harder than the jobless to find silver linings in this national economic disaster.

　　参考译文：在这场国家经济灾难中,没有人比失业者更想找到一线希望。

　　英二·2012Text 4

　　In The Moral Consequences of Economic Growth, the economic historian Benjamin Friedman argues that both inside and outside the U.S. , lengthy periods of economic stagnation or decline have almost always left society more mean-spirited and less inclusive, and have usually stopped or reversed the advance of rights and freedoms.

　　参考译文：在《经济增长的道德后果》(The Moral Consequences of Economic Growth)一书中，经济历史学家本杰明·弗里德曼(Benjamin Friedman)认为，无论是在美国国内还是在美国以外，长期的经济停滞或衰退几乎总是会让社会变得更加心胸狭窄、缺乏包容性，而且通常使权利和自由的发展受阻甚至倒退。

　　英二·2012Text 4

　　The research of Till Von Wachter, the economist in Columbia University, suggests that not all people graduating into a recession see their life chances dimmed: those with degrees from elite universities catch up fairly quickly to where they otherwise would have been if they had graduated in better times; it is the masses beneath them that are left behind.

　　参考译文：哥伦比亚大学的经济学家 Till Von Wachter 的研究表明，并不是所有从经济衰退中毕业的人都觉得他们的人生机会黯淡:那些从名牌大学毕业的人能很快赶上他们在较好的经济时期毕业所能达到的地位;落后的正是那些不如他们的普通人。

　　长难句100句详解

　　2012 英语二

　　1. [精讲]此句是一个复合句，主句为 L. A. Unified has produced an inflexible policy(洛杉矶联合学区制定了一条不容变更的政策)，后面是 which 引导的定语从旬，具体解释先行词 an inflexible policy，该定语从句还包含了一个 that 引导的宾语从句，作 mandates 的宾语，宾语从句主干为 homework may no longer count for more than 10% of a student’s academic grade(家庭作业在学生的学习成绩中所占比例不再超过10%)，介词短语 with the exception of some advanced courses(除了一些高级课程外)作状语。注意 with the exception of(除了……以外);no longer(不再);count for(占……重要性);more than(多于，超过)是高频短语，需要掌握。

　　2. [精讲]此句为复合句。if 引导条件状语从句，该从句中又包含定语从句 who do not do their homework because of complicated family lives(由于复杂的家庭生活而没有完成家庭作业的)，修饰 students。it is going riskily close to the implication(它就是近乎冒险地暗示)是主句，其中 close to 为固定搭配，表示“接近于，近乎”。最后的 that standards need to be lowered for poor children(需要为贫困儿童降低标准)是implication 的同位语从句，也就是“暗示”的内容。

　　3. [精讲]此句为并列复合句，以 and 为分界，前一分句句型为 it is not that…but…(不是……，而是……)，其中not…but…连接两个表语从句，后一个表语从句省略了引导词that。and后面的分句是复合句，though引导让步状语从句，主句是 it also repeatedly and firmly fuses girls’ identity to appearance(它也一再牢牢地将少女的特质融于外表)。fuse…to…“把……融于……”;celebrate girlhood “颂扬少女时期”，意译为“衬托少女的身份”。

　　4. [精讲]句子主干为 Blue symbolized femininity (蓝色象征着女性气质)。插入成分 with its intimations of the Virgin Mary，constancy and faithfulness(暗示圣母玛丽亚的坚贞和忠诚)作伴随状语。

　　5. [精讲]本句主干为 Trade publications counseled department stores that…，其中 counsel sb.sth.表示“建议某人某事”，that 从句在这里充当直接宾语。宾语从句中，in order to increase sales(为了促进销售)是目的状语，they should create a“third stepping stone”(他们应该开创“第三个跳板”)为主干，between infant wear and older kids’ clothes(在婴儿服装和稍大一些孩子的服装之间)作地点状语。stepping stone 表示“垫脚石，跳板”。

　　6. [精讲]主句为 Companies had won patents 时态为过去完成时，注意 for decades 是时间状语。by 2005 some 20% of human genes were patented.是对主句的解释说明。

　　7. [精讲]主句为 Critics make three main arguments against gene patents(批评者提出了三个反对基因专利的理)。冒号后面是三个并列分句，对 three main arguments against gene patents 进一步解释说明。第一个分句是由 so 连接的并列句。A rather than B 译为“是 A 而不是 B”;access to“接近，有权使用”，为固定搭配。

　　8. [精讲]本句中，“否定词+比较级”表示最高级含义，即 the jobless try hardest to find silver linings…。后面的 in this national economic disaster 作状语。

　　9. [精讲] In The Moral Consequences of Economic Growth 作状语，the economic historian Benjamin Friedman是句子主语，argues 是谓语动词，that 引导的是宾语从句，这个宾语从句比较复杂，其中 both inside and outside the U.S.是地点状语,lengthy periods of economic stagnation or decline(长期的经济停滞或衰退)是主语，have almost always left society more mean-spirited and less inclusive(几乎总是让社会变得更为心胸狭窄且缺乏包容性)和have usually stopped or reversed the advance of rights and freedoms(常常使权利和自由的发展受阻甚至倒退)是并列谓语成分。

　　10. [精讲]本句为复合句，句子主干是 The research of Till Von Wachter suggests that…(蒂尔·冯·韦希特尔的研究表明……)。The economist at Columbia University 是 Till Von Wachter 的同位语。suggests 后面的 that引导宾语从句，从句中，not all people 作主语，graduating into a recession 是 people 的后置定语，see 是谓语，their life chances 是宾语，dimmed 是宾语补足语。冒号后的两个并列分句是对宾语从句的解释，第一个分句中，those 是主语，with degrees from elite universities 为 those 的后置定语，catch up to 是谓语，fairly quickly 作状语，where they otherwise would have been if they had graduated in better times 是宾语从句，其中包含 if 引导的虚拟条件句，表示与过去事实相反的假设;第二个分句为强调句，强调主语 the masses beneath them。
　　(本文为跨考教育教研室老师原创，转载请注明出处。)