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2023考研英语备考:英语翻译经典方法分享!

最后更新时间:2022-04-25 14:08:42
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  2023考研的小伙伴们基础复习已经开始了,在考研路上英语是一道坎,翻译题型应该是整个考研英语复习过程中的一大难点,很多同学都很发愁,不知道到该如何下手。下面为大家分享2023考研英语翻译经典方法,希望大家能够学以致用。

  翻译是考研英语中的常考题型,也是大多数同学们公认比较难的题型,尤其对于英语一翻译而言,题目是5个长难句,对大家分析句子的能力也提出了更高的要求。但只要我们能掌握处理长难句的方法和翻译技巧,所有的问题都能迎刃而解。长难句,顾名思义长是难的原因之一,所以我们可以首先考虑断句,把句子分成简短的、更容易理解的部分,再分清每部分的结构和含义,分别翻译出来,最后整合到一起自然就完成了翻译过程,其实并不难。我们就以2014年的翻译题目为例,仔细带大家一起分析、翻译一下。

  (46) It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it, and not grasp music itself.

  根据断句长短适中、语法长度完整的原则,我们可以把这句断成3个部分如下:

  ①It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words,

  ②all we can do is articulate our reactions to it,

  ③and not grasp music itself.

  分析各部分的结构:

  ① 主语(It)+系动词(is )+also+表语(the reason)+定语从句中的时间状语从句(why when we try to describe music with words, 其中with words是方式状语修饰describe)

  ② 定语从句中的主句:主语(all)+定语从句( we can do)+系动词(is)+表语1(articulate our reactions to it,其中to it是定语修饰reactions)

  ③ and+表语2(not grasp music itself,其中itself是music的同位语)

  参考译文:这也是为什么当我们试图使用语言描述音乐时,我们能做的一切就是表达对音乐的感受而不是理解音乐本身。

  (47)By all accounts he was a freethinking person, and a courageous one, and I find courage an essential quality for the understanding, let alone the performance, of his works.

  断句:

  ① By all accounts he was a freethinking person, and a courageous one,

  ②and I find courage an essential quality for the understanding, let alone the performance, of his works.

  各部分结构:

  ① 状语(By all accounts )+ 主语(he)+系动词(was)+表语1(a freethinking person)+ and + 表语2(a courageous one)

  ②and +主语(I )+ 谓语(find)+ 宾语(courage)+补语(an essential quality)+定语(for the understanding, let alone the performance, of his works,其中the understanding 和the performance并列做for的宾语,二者都由of his works修饰)

  参考译文:人们普遍认为他是思想自由的人,更是一个有勇气的人,并且我发现勇气对于理解他的作品来说,是一种必要品质,更不必说演奏他的作品了。

  (48) Beethoven’s habit of increasing the volume with an extreme intensity and then abruptly following it with a sudden soft passage was only rarely used by composers before him.

  断句:

  ① Beethoven’s habit of increasing the volume with an extreme intensity

  ② and then abruptly following it with a sudden soft passage

  ③ was only rarely used by composers before him.

  各部分结构:

  ① 主语(Beethoven’s habit )+定语(of increasing the volume with an extreme intensity,其中increasing the volume with an extreme intensity是of 的第一组宾语,with an extreme intensity做状语修饰increasing)

  ② and then + of 的第二组宾语(abruptly following it with a sudden soft passage,其中with a sudden soft passage为状语修饰following)

  ③ 谓语(was only rarely used by)+宾语(composers before him,其中before him为定语修饰composers)

  参考译文:贝多芬的习惯:用极端的强度增加音量,然后用突然轻柔的乐段紧随其后,这种方式很少被他之前的作曲家使用。

  (49) Especially significant was his view of freedom, which, for him, was associated with the rights and responsibilities of the individual: he advocated freedom of thought and of personal expression.

  断句:

  ① Especially significant was his view of freedom,

  ②which, for him, was associated with the rights and responsibilities of the individual:

  ③ he advocated freedom of thought and of personal expression.

  各部分结构:

  ① 倒装句:表语(Especially significant )+系动词(was )+主语(his view of freedom)

  ②主语(which)+插入语( for him)+谓语( was associated with)+宾语( the rights and responsibilities of the individual,其中of the individual修饰the rights and responsibilities)

  ③ 主语(he)+谓语( advocated)+宾语( freedom of thought and of personal expression,其中of thought 和of personal expression都修饰freedom)

  参考译文:尤其重要的是他对于自由的观点,对于他来说,这雨个人的权利和责任相联系:他提倡思想和个人表达的自由。

  (50)One could interpret much of the work of Beethoven by saying that suffering is inevitable, but the courage to fight it renders life worth living.

  断句:

  ① One could interpret much of the work of Beethoven

  ② by saying that suffering is inevitable,

  ③ but the courage to fight it renders life worth living.

  各部分结构:

  ① 主语(One)+谓语(could interpret)+宾语(much of the work of Beethoven)

  ② 方式状语:by+宾语(saying that suffering is inevitable,其中that suffering is inevitable为saying的宾语从句)

  ③ but + 主语(the courage to fight it,其中to fight it作定语修饰the courage )+谓语(renders)+宾语( life)+补语( worth living)

  参考译文:人们可以这样诠释贝多芬的大量作品:痛苦是不可避免的,但是与之做斗争的勇气使得生命值得继续。

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