2022考研英语语法难点剖析之：非谓语动词

　　考研复习，任务重，压力大，在考研路上英语复习一直是一道难以跨越的砍，考研英语中语法的重要性小编已经说过很多次了，因此各位考生要予以重视。下面小编整理2022考研英语语法难点剖析之非谓语动词，供大家参考。

　　非谓语动词

　　【难句】1. The energy used to separate oxygen from air before burning is almost as great as that needed to filter out nitrogen afterwards, leading to a similar loss of efficiency. (The Economist Nov. 30, 2006)

　　【结构分析】本句是一个简单句，为一个主系表结构The energy is almost as great as that needed to filter out nitrogen afterwards，使用了as…as…结构，其中被比较的对象that needed to filter out nitrogen afterwards中，that指代上文的energy，过去分词结构needed to…作后置定语体现被动。其中主语energy由过去分词结构used to separate oxygen from air before burning 作后置定语体现被动;句末的现在分词结构leading to a similar loss of efficiency作全句的结果状语。

　　【参考译文】 燃烧前将氧气从空气中分离所需的能源几乎不亚于上述将氮气过滤所需的耗费，这就使得两者在效率损失上不相上下。

　　【难句】2. Some great manufacturers and great service companies may have become too lean in their relentless drive to reduce costs, outsourcing not just their non-core activities but essential ones too. (The Economist Jun. 15, 2006)

　　【结构分析】本句不难，逗号前为主句Some great manufacturers and great service companies may have become too lean in their relentless drive to reduce costs,使用了too…to…结构，句末的现在分词结构outsourcing not just their non?core activities but essential ones too作伴随状语，进一步补充说明reduce costs的具体内容。

　　【参考译文】有些大的制造商和服务供应商热衷于降低成本，不仅把非核心业务外包，而且连核心业务也不放过。

　　【难句】3. The study shows that nearly half the organizations featured in the Times Top 100 Graduate Employers plan to expand their graduate programs this year, increasing the total number of vacancies available for new graduates by more than 10 percent compared with 2006 recruitment levels. (The Sunday Times Jan. 11, 2007)

　　【结构分析】 本句是复合句。逗号前为主句，是主谓宾结构，其中谓语shows的宾语由that引导的名词性从句that nearly half the organizations featured in the Times Top 100 Graduate Employers plan to expand their graduate programs this year充当。现在分词结构increasing the total number of vacancies available for new graduates by more than 10 percent compared with 2006 recruitment levels作状语，我们可以理解其为结果状语，注意增加的幅度用介词by表示。句末的过去分词结构compared with 2006 recruitment levels作比较状语。

　　【参考译文】研究表明，《时代》排名前100名的毕业生雇主单位中有将近一半计划今年将扩大毕业生接收规模，为新的毕业生增加可利用的空缺职位数量，这个数量与2006年的新成员水平相比，会增加10%以上。

　　【难句】4. The trouble is, as soon as you’ve been given a clean bill of health you’re back at your desk, facing the same situation that led to depression and compulsive behavior problems in the first place. (Times Online Jan. 11, 2007)

　　【结构分析】 本句主干是一个主系表结构The trouble is…，其中表语部分由从句充当。在表语从句中，包含as soon as引导的时间状语从句as soon as you’ve been given a clean bill of health，翻译为“一……就……”。现在分词短语facing the same situation…作you’re back at your desk的伴随状语，关系代词that引导的定语从句 that led to depression and compulsive behavior problems in the first place修饰先行词the same situation，that在从句中作主语。

　　【参考译文】 问题是，一旦你得到清楚的健康证明，你就得立刻回到你的办公桌，并且首先就要面对与原来曾导致沮丧和强迫性行为问题的同样的情形。

　　【参考译文】 上司为你加薪–;–;为他或她录用你的判断而自豪高兴，要比自己为获得同样的加薪而要求更好。

　　【难句】3. Women’s control over the number of children they have is an unqualified good–;as is the average person’s enjoyment, in rich countries, of ten more years of life than they had in 1960. (The Economist Jun. 5, 2006)

　　【结构分析】 本句主句为Women’s control over the number of children they have is an unqualified good，其中they have为省略了关系代词的定语从句，修饰先行词children，破折号部分as is the average person’s enjoyment…为as引导的定语从句，修饰先行词an unqualified good，注意这里good作名词用;句末的比较结构of ten more years of life than they had in 1960使用了than加从句，整体作从句中表语the average person’s enjoyment的后置定语。

　　【结构分析】 女人拥有一种绝对的优势，那就是对自己生孩子的数量的掌控。在发达国家，对普通人而言，能比六十年代的人多享受十年的生活也同样是种绝对优势。

　　【难句】4. Moreover, most participants could find an angry face just as quickly when it was mixed in a group of eight photographs as when it was part of a group of four. (The Economist Jun. 8, 2006)

　　【结构分析】 本句的比较结构清晰，使用了as…as…形式，比较的两端为when it was mixed in a group of eight photographs和 when it was part of a group of four。

　　【参考译文】 另外，不管这些图片是八张一组还是四张一组，参与者都能同样迅速地辨别出愤怒的表情。

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