2016年考研英语词汇详解：词根+例句（1）

　　第二组.bat 表示拍打

　　bat [bæt]

　　[n.] 1. 蝙蝠

　　2.(板球、棒球、乒乓球等的)球板、球棒或球拍[比较racket羽毛球、网球等的球拍，有椭圆形的架子，在上面穿线]

　　[v.] 3. to hit the ball with a bat in crickets or a baseball(用球板、球棒、球拍等)击球

　　battery ['bætəri]

　　[n.] 1. unlawfully hitting sb or the crime of this殴打(罪)[近beating]

　　2.(军舰上的)炮组，排炮，炮兵连

　　3.电池，电池组，电瓶

　　4. [+of sth] a large number of things or people of the same type 一系列，一群，一套，一组

　　[真题例句]

　　1. doing something as simple as keeping a spare battery in its original retail packaging (2007 Los Angeles Times)

　　battle ['bætl]

　　[n.] 1. a fight between opposing armies, ships etc, esp. one that is part of a larger war; a violent fight between groups of people (尤指大型战争中的局部)战斗，战役;搏斗

　　2. a competition, an argument or a struggle between people to win power or control 较量，争论，争夺[+over sth, +with sb, +for sth]

　　3. an attempt to solve a problem or change a difficult situation(应对困难的)奋斗，抗争[+against/for sth]

　　[v.] 1. to try very hade to achieve sth or to deal with sth unpleasant or dangerous [+with/against sb/sth (for sth), +to do sth, +sth] 奋斗，搏斗，斗争

　　[真题例句]

　　1. Certainly their descriptions of battles are confused. (2000阅读Text 3)

　　combat ['kɔmbæt, kəm'bæt

　　讲解：表示战斗的同义词：

　　battle侧重指战争中的一次较全面、时间较长的战斗，也指陆军或海军在某一特定区进行的战斗，或个人之间的争斗。

　　war是战争的总称，一般指包括多个战役的大规模战争。

　　campaign通常指在一场大的战争中在某一地区进行的一连串有既定目的的军事行动。也可作引申用。 但更加重要的是表示运动(为了社会，商业或政治目的而进行的一系列有计划的活动)

　　anti-smoking campaign struggle指激烈或时间持续长的战斗或奋力斗争。

　　warfare侧重指战争状态或具体的作战方法。

　　fight最普通用词，含义广，指战斗、斗争或打斗。

　　combat泛指军事行动，尤指小规模的战斗，甚至是格斗。

　　[n.] 1. fight or fighting between two people, armies, etc (两人、两军等的)格斗，搏斗，战斗

　　[v.] 1. to fight against an enemy 与......搏斗，战斗

　　2. to take action in an organized way in order to oppose sth bad or harmful 与......斗争，打击，遏制[近battle, struggle, fight]

　　[真题例句]

　　1. The Internet may well be the most powerful tool for combating world poverty.(2001阅读Text 2)

　　debate [di'beit]

　　[n.] 1. a discussion or argument on a subject辩论;讨论，争论[+about/on/over] [近argument, discussion]

　　[v.] 1. to discuss sth; esp. formally before making a decision or finding a solution (尤指正式)讨论，辩论[+sth/whether/what/how]

　　3. to think carefully about sth before making a decision 仔细考虑，斟酌

　　[词汇派生]

　　1. debatable a.有争议的，可争论的

　　2. debater n.参加讨论者;争论者

　　[真题例句]

　　1. Many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted-suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients... (2000阅读Text 4)

　　2. Scholars, policymakers, and critics of all stripes have debated the social implications of these changes. (2007阅读Text 3)

　　barrier ['bæriə]

　　[n.]1. [+between A and B, +against sth] a thing that keeps people or things apart 障碍物，屏障，分界线

　　2. [+to sth] a thing that prevents or controls progress or movement; hindrance阻碍进步或控制活动的事物;障碍，阻力

　　[历年真题]

　　1. ...lower trade and investment barriers and enlarged markets that require enlarged operations capable of meeting customers’ demands.

　　barely ['bεəli]

　　[ad.] 1.仅仅，勉强可能2. 几乎不，几乎没有

　　barren ['bærən]

　　[a.]1. (of land or soil土地或土壤)not good enough for plants to grow on it贫瘠的不毛的

　　2. (of plants or trees花草树木)not producing fruit or seeds 不结果的讲解：加入

　　bald

　　adj. 1. having little or no hair on the head 秃顶的;秃头的: He started going bald in his twenties. 他二十几岁便开始谢顶。

　　2. without any of the usual hair, marks, etc. covering the skin or surface of sth 无毛的;无茸毛的;光秃的:

　　a bald tyre (= a tyre whose surface has become smooth) 磨平了的轮胎

　　3. without any extra explanation or detail to help you understand or accept what is being said

　　• 不加赘述的;简单的;赤裸裸的:

　　»The bald fact is that we don't need you any longer. 事实很简单,我们不再需要你了。

　　»The letter was a bald statement of our legal position. 那封信是对我们的法律立场的直截了当的声明。

　　bold

　　1. (of people or behaviour 人或举止) brave and confident; not afraid to say what you feel or to take risks大胆自信的;敢于表白情感的;敢于冒险的:

　　»It was a bold move on their part to open a business in France. 在法国开业是他们的一个大胆行动。

　　»The wine made him bold enough to approach her. 他趁着酒劲,鼓足勇气上前和她说话。

　　2. (of shape, colour, lines, etc. 形状、颜色、线条等) that can be easily seen; having a strong clear appearance 明显的;轮廓突出的:

　　the bold outline of a mountain against the sky 天空映衬下的山的清晰轮廓

　　»She paints with bold strokes of the brush. 她的绘画笔锋遒劲。

　　3. (technical 术语) (of printed words or letters 印刷字或字符) in a thick, dark type

　　• 粗体的;黑体的:

　　»Highlight the important words in bold type. 用黑体突出重要词语。

　　»bold lettering 黑字体