考前必看!8类考研英语作文常考主题词
距离2019考研初试剩下的时间也不多了,考研英语作文很重要的一项工作就是积累,针对热门常考话题的素材积累,下面是8类考研英语作文常考主题词,希望考生能够把它们背下来,不断充实自己的作文素材库,我们一起来看看吧。
►精神品质类(极重要)
注:是考查频度最高的话题。是绝对的重点。
team spirit:团队精神
teamwork:团队合作
strengthen mutual cooperation:增强相互合作
cultivate the atmosphere of teamwork:形成团队精神
patience:耐心
prudence:谨慎
persistence/perseverance:恒心/毅力/坚持 —— 对应:give up halfway(半途而废)
endeavor:努力
diligence/painstaking efforts:勤奋
self-dependence/self-reliance/independence:自立
innovation/creativity/critical thinking:创新
self-confidence:自信(lack of confidence:缺乏自信)
modesty:谦虚
striving spirit:奋斗精神
the spirit of competition:拼搏精神
aggressive:有进取心的
strong-willed:意志坚强的
tireless:孜孜不倦的
persevering:不屈不挠的
consistent:始终如一的
adversity and hardship:逆境和苦难
a sense of achievement:成就感
sense of honor:荣誉感
entertain great ambitions:胸怀抱负
reap without sowing:不劳而获
haste makes waste:欲速则不达
utilitarian:功利的,急功近利的
actions:行动(take actions:付诸行动)
down-to-earth:务实的
thrift:勤俭
honesty:诚信
respect the old and care for the young:尊老爱幼
curiosity:充满好奇
spirit of the craftsman/craftsman's spirit/craftsmanship spirit:工匠精神
striving for the best/striving for excellence:精益求精
►道德类(极重要)
public morality:公德
devotion/dedication:奉献
charity:慈善
duty/responsibility:责任
sense of responsibility:责任感
shoulder/assume/undertake one's duties/responsibility:承担责任
avoid/shirk/shun one's duties/responsibility:逃避责任
traditional virtues:传统美德
practice filial piety:奉行孝道
selfless devotion:无私奉献
Patriotism:爱国主义
comply with the law/observation of the law:遵守法律
comply with public morality:遵守公德
follow the morals:按道德行事
improve public morals:改进社会风气
safeguard public morals:维护公共道德
injure public morality:损害公共道德
be public-spirited:有公德心的
the corruption of public morality:公德堕落
the lack of moral sense:道德缺失
the crisis of trust:信任危机
spit everywhere:随地吐痰
make noise/talk loudly:大声喧哗
littering:乱丢垃圾
empty promise:空洞承诺
false promise:虚假承诺
compete for benefits:争抢利益
unfair competitions:不公平竞争
consumers' rights and interests:消费者权益
disregard the public rules:无视公共规章
break/violate public regulations:违反公共规章
benevolence:善心仁慈
with heart and soul:全心全意
amicable:友好的
charitable:宽厚的
credibility:信誉,美誉
fake commodities:伪劣产品
dishonest behaviors:欺诈行为
unaffordable prices of medicines:药价虚高
academic corruption:学术腐败
plagiarism:剽窃抄袭
excessive growth:过度上涨
illegal ads:非法广告
food safety:食品安全
misdeed/misconduct:不良行为
spirit of contact:契约精神
volunteer/volunteering/volunteering service:志愿者/志愿者活动/志愿服务
volunteer spirit:志愿者精神
►家庭类或两代关系类(重要)
注:1992年以来,家庭类话题在英语(一)大作文中考过5次,是重要的考查话题。最近一次考的是在2016年。
mutual understanding:相互理解
aging society:老龄化社会
population aging:人口老龄化
generation gap:代沟
widen/expand generation gap:扩大代沟
narrow/bridge generation gap:消除代沟
chauvinism:大男子主义
career women:职业妇女
domestic/family violence:家庭暴力
foster/raise/breed/nurture/bring up:抚养
household chores:繁杂家务
spoil children/dote on children:溺爱孩子
over-indulgence:纵容溺爱
only child:独生子女
the universal two-child policy:全面二孩政策
例:The aging trend would be actively addressed by the universal two-child policy.(全面二孩政策将有效应对人口老龄化趋势)
boomerang kids/the NEET group(NEET=Not currently engaged in Education, Employment or Training):啃老族
a well-off family:小康之家
nuclear famaily:核心家庭
a single-parent family:单亲家庭
one's later years/one's remaining years:晚年
filial piety:孝道
practice filial piety/fulfill filial duty:奉行孝道
support(take care of/sustain) the elderly(the old/the aged/the senior/aged parents/the old and infirm parents):赡养老人
show solicitude for parents:关心父母
mistreat/ill-treat/maltreat parents:虐待父母
cousin:堂兄妹,表兄妹
offspring:后代,后辈
ancestor:祖先
heir:继承人
►环保类(重要)
注:1992年以来,环保类话题在英语(一)大作文中已考过3次,是重要的考查话题。
environment-friendly:生态环保的
conserve natural habitats:保护生存环境
animal rights activist:动物权益保护者
natural reserve:自然保护区
natural resources:自然资源
energy conservation and environmental protection:节能环保
biodiversity:生物多样性
extinction:灭绝
wind breaks:防风林
sand breaks:防沙林
climate change:气候变化
greenhouse effect:温室效应
threat of global warming:全球变暖的威胁
develop renewable resources:开发可再生资源
low-carbon economy:低碳经济
low-carbon lifestyle:低碳生活方式
environmental awareness:环境意识
deforestation:森林消失
landslide:山体滑坡
biodegradable:可生物降解的
environment-friendly(eco-friendly) products:环保产品
household garbage:生活垃圾
waste sorting/garbage classification:垃圾分类
motor vehicle pollution:汽车尾气污染
reduce exhaust emission from cars/automobiles:减少汽车尾气的排放
low-emission cars:小排量汽车
high-emission cars:大排量汽车
public transport:公共交通
green commuting:绿色出行
water and soil erosion:水土流失
soot emissions:烟尘排放
sea water desalinization:海水淡化
eco-demonstration region:生态示范区
Nationally Designated Garden City:国家级园林城市
create pleasant living environment:创造怡人的生活环境
air pollution:空气污染
degradation/deterioration of air quality:空气质量恶化
discharge/emit poisonous/toxic gas:排放有毒气体
acid rain:酸雨
drought:干旱
sandstorm:沙尘暴
toxic waste:有毒废物
industrial waste:工业废物
sewage treatment:污水处理
►健康类
注:只在1996、1997这两年考过。健康类话题英语(二)考查的可能性比较大。
physical health/fitness/well-being:生理健康
mental/psychological health/fitness/well-being:心理健康
improve/enhance physical(psychological) health:增进生理(心理)健康
hurt/damage physical(psychological)health:损害生理(心理)健康
health concern:健康问题
state of health:健康状况
sub-health:亚健康
public health:公共卫生
state of mind:心态
physical exercises:体育锻炼
well-balanced diet:均衡饮食
sacrifice health:牺牲健康
junk food:垃圾食品
food additives:食品添加剂
go on a diet:节食,减肥
arrhythmia:心律不齐
indigestion:消化不良
vaccinate:打疫苗
infectious disease/illness:传染病
chronic disease/illness:慢性病
non-acclimatization:水土不服
relapse:复发症
stupor:昏迷
nearsightedness/myopia/short-sightedness:近视
malnutrition:营养不良
chill:打冷战
►文化类(重要)
注:文化类话题是英语(一)大作文的高频考查话题,1992年以来已考过4次,最近一次是在2010年(文化火锅)。截至目前,已有7年未考了,2018考研务必重视这个话题。
culture and civilization:文化和文明
The cultural blending/integration/fusion:文化融合
cultural exchanges/interaction/interchange:文化交流
cultural diversity:文化多元化
multiculturalism:多元文化
cultural identity:文化特性
cultural treasures:文化宝藏
cultural heritage/legacy:文化遗产
cultural relics:文物
cultural facilities:文化设施
cultural devolution:文化退化
cultural insights:文化视角
traditional Chinese culture/national culture:民族(传统)文化
alien/foreign culture:外国文化
Chinese cultural symbols:中国文化的符号
advocate/carry forward traditional culture:弘扬传统文化
preserve and cherish traditions:保存和珍惜传统
undermine traditions:破坏传统
great and profound:博大精深的
public literature:大众文学
light literature:通俗文学
local customs and practices:风土人情
cross-cultural communication:跨文化交流
spiritual civilization:精神文明
break with old customs:抛弃传统
hand down from generation to generation:代代相传
minority:少数民族
national pride:民族自豪
original:原始原创的
charming:极具魅力的
splendid:壮丽辉煌的
talk show:谈话节目
crash:碰撞
collection:收藏品
mahjong:麻将
Peking/Beijing opera:京剧
Tang Suit:唐装
folk art:民间艺术
paper-cut:剪纸
Confucius Institute:孔子学院
Chinese craze:中国热
►教育类
注:教育类话题英语(二)考查的可能性比较大。
compulsory education:义务教育
life-long education:终身教育
exam/test-oriented education:应试教育
quality education:素质教育
well-rounded development of a child:全面发展
balanced development of a child:均衡发展
cultural quality:文化素质
impart knowledge and educate people:教书育人
dropout student:失学儿童
intellectual property:知识产权
law education:法制教育
teach students according to their aptitude:因材施教
force-feeding method of teaching:填鸭式教学
academic/theoretical knowledge:理论知识
practical skills:实用技能
integrate theory with practice:理论联系实际
disconnect theory from practice:理论脱离实际
shape/mould one's character:塑造性格
extra-curricular activities:课外活动
the spirit of exploration:探索精神
cultivate (nurture, foster) creative/original thinking:培养创新思维
stifle/constrain/extinguish creativity:扼杀创造力
sap/dampen student's interest in sth.:挫伤学生对某事的兴趣
opening ceremony:开学典礼
key school:重点中学
private school:私立学校
public school:公立学校
eliminate illiteracy:扫盲
miss a class:缺课
cut a class:旷课
drop out:辍学
quit school:退学
assistantship:助学金
scholarship:奖学金
university graduates:大学毕业生
pursue post-graduate study/take part in the entrance exams for postgraduates:考研
study abroad/go abroad for further education:出国留学
excessive/undue academic pressure:过大的学习压力
the burden of study/learning:学习负担
ease/relieve academic pressure:缓解学习压力
intensify academic pressure:增强学习压力
academic atmosphere:学习气氛
►经济类
注:经济类话题英语(二)考查的可能性比较大。
economic globalization:经济全球化
recession/bleeding economy:经济不景气
economic/financial crisis:经济/金融危机
the fallout of economic/financial crisis:经济/金融危机的影响
economic recovery:经济复苏
economic prosperity:经济繁荣
spur/stimulate economic development:刺激经济发展
hinder/impede economic development:阻碍经济发展
job market:就业市场
look for/hunt for/seek a job:找工作
job seeker:求职者
a tough job market:严峻的就业形势
unrealistic salary expectations:不切实际的薪资期望
pursue a high-paid job:追求高薪工作
without/lack of practical experience/hands-on experience/practical abilities/vocational skills/career skills:没有或缺乏实践经验/实践能力/职业技能
lose one's job/be unemployed:失业
job losses mount, unemployment climbs:失业加剧
unemployment:失业人数
generate/create/afford job opportunities/employment opportunities:创造/提供就业机会
career guidance:就业指导
decline/recession/depression:萎缩/衰退/萧条
bubble economy:泡沫经济
demand exceed supply:供不应求
turn loss into gains:转亏为盈
stabilize prices:稳定物价
unfair competition:不正当竞争
fierce/intense/furious/cut-throat competition:激烈竞争
fake and inferior product:假冒伪劣产品
after-sale service:售后服务
enterprise image:企业形象
brand effect:品牌效应
over-consuming:超前消费
reduce the funding for...:减少经费
lift/elevate people's standard of living:提高人们的生活水平
lower citizens' standard of living:降低居民生活水平
eliminate poverty:消除贫困
expand the gap between the wealthy and the needy:扩大贫富差距
increase/expand domestic demand:扩大内需
spur/stimulate consumption:刺激消费
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