特别推荐：非英语专业学生英语写作中典型病句实例

　　在英语写作过程中,考生除了要组织语言发展段落,还要时刻警惕许多常见的错误。比如:各种句子句式的错误, 单词拼写的错误,词性及时态搭配不一致的错误,大小写、标点符号的错误,等等。跨考教育团队根据英语句子的语法结构要求,结合大学一、二年级及成人非英语专业学生英语写作中典型的病句为实例,主要分析了几种常见的句子错误。

　　一、修饰语错置(Misplaced Modifiers)

　　由于句子中的修饰语和被修饰语之间放置的位置不恰当所导致的语意模糊现象叫修饰语错置。这种错误会破坏句子的连贯性,造成意义上的混乱。单词,短语和从句都可以做修饰语。修饰语错置有以下几种情况:

　　1. 修饰语与被修饰语之间间隔太远(造成语意模糊)。例如:

　　The story described two children, who, in the end, became close friends in a funny way.

　　in a funny way本来是修饰described two children的,但是由于它的位置与became close friends靠的最近,就造成了歧义。应改为:

　　The story described in a funny way two children, who, in the end, became close friends.

　　避免这种修饰语错置,把修饰语和被修饰的词尽量靠近即可。再看一个病句:

　　病句: Jack killed the bee that stung him with a magazine.

　　改正: With a magazine, Jack killed the bee that stung him.

　　2. 修饰语错置导致语意模糊。例如:

　　The block on the highway had been cleared before heavy traffic jam was caused by the policemen.

　　此句的介词短语by the policemen的错置似乎表示the policemen造成了heavy traffic jam,这就引起了很大的误解。这个介词短语应该位于had been cleared之后,表明是the policemen清除了路障。所以应改为:

　　The block on the highway had been cleared by the policemen before heavy traffic jam was caused.

　　3. 多个修饰语错置造成语意混乱。这种错误常发生在有两个以上修饰语的句子中。如:

　　In the 21stcentury, several new energy sources will substitute the traditional energy, for instance, solar energy, waterpower and nuclear energy.

　　此句修饰语位置混乱, solar energy, waterpower and energy属于new energy sources而不是traditional energy,应该调整位置,明确句意,改为:

　　Several new energy sources, for instance, solar energy, waterpower and nuclear energy, will substitute the traditional energy in the 21stcentury.

　　4. 修饰语only, almost, just, nearby等词可以修饰

　　句子中的很多成分,所以要放在离修饰词最近的位置。下面以only举例说明:

　　1) Only Jack told me that he loved me. (No one else had told me that.)

　　2) Jack only told me that he loved me. (There was not any other proof of his love. Just he said so.)

　　3) Jack told me that only he loved me. (Jack said so himself, but not necessarily the case.)

　　4) Jack told me that he loved only me. (He loved only one person–me!)

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