翻译硕士考研必备：MTI翻译基础短语解释（九）

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甲A足球队 
Division A soccer team 

加班 
overtime work  

嘉宾 
distinguished guest, honored guest  

假唱 
lip-synch  

加长版 
extended edition (In April, the 87-year-old Reader's Digest, the most popular general interest magazine in the United States, published its first extended edition in China to enrich the content of the magazine with pictures and words. 四月份，美国最受欢迎的综合性人文杂志《读者文摘》在中国出版了第一辑加长版，用更多的图片和文字使杂志内容更丰富。《读者文摘》至今已经走过了87个春秋。) 

假钞票 
fake note; phony money; stumer 

假动作 
deception; feint; deception  

价格波动 
price fluctuation 

价格操纵 
price manipulation; price rigging 

价格反弹 
price rebound 

价格浮动范围  price-float range  

价格垄断 
price-fixing (Illegal acts prohibited by the regulations include price-fixing agreements and excluding or limiting competition through abuse of dominant market share, according to the regulations. 根据该法规，签订限价协议以及滥用在市场的垄断地位来排除或限制竞争等违法行为将被禁止。) 
价格欺诈 
price cheating (Chen Zhijiang, an official at NDRC, said that in all the cities they 
investigated, Carrefour stores were suspected of price cheating. 国家发改委官员陈志江表示，在他们调查的所有城市中，家乐福都涉嫌价格欺诈。) 

价格弹性 
price elasticity 

价格听证会  
public price hearings  

价格脱离价值 
divergence of prices from values; divorce price from value 

加工贸易  
trade involving the processing of supplied raw materials 甲骨文 
oracle bone inscriptions 

假结婚 
bogus marriage (Canadian officials are becoming more skilled at spotting fake documents and bogus marriages. Some gangs use the same apartment backdrops for all of their photographs of supposed brides and grooms, and make the same mistake on all their forged documents. 加拿大官员在识别假文件和假结婚案例时越来越熟练了。一些犯罪团伙给假结婚的新娘和新郎使用相同的住宅作背景，而且他们所有的假文件中所犯的错误均有雷同之处。) 

架空 
make somebody a mere figurehead; deprive somebody of his authority while keeping him in office  


加快产业结构升级 
speed up efforts to upgrade its industrial structure  

加快市场步伐 
accelerate the marketization; quicken the pace of marketization  

假冒伪劣产品 
counterfeit and shoddy products  

加盟 
ally oneself to (a sports team)  

加密 
encrypt  

加密频道 
encoded channel 

家谱 
family tree; family stemma; family genealogy 

加强军队和政权建设  
strengthen army building and the organs of political power 

加强流动人口计划生育管理 
strengthen the management of family planning among the floating population 

加强农业基础地位 
strengthen the position of agriculture as the foundation of the economy 

加强舆论监督 
ensure that the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion

假球 
soccer fraud 

加权平均值 
weighted average  

假日经济 
holiday economy  

加塞 
jump a queue; cut a line 

假释 parole 

加时赛 
overtime (Pau Gasol scored nine points in the overtime to lead world champions Spain to a 85-75 win over China on Tuesday in the men's basketball competitions of the Beijing Olympic Games. 在本周二进行的北京奥运会男篮小组赛上，保罗•加索尔在加时赛中得到九分，其突出表现最终帮助世界冠军西班牙队以85比75战胜中国队。) 

加速上市 
speed-to-market  

加速上市 
speed-to-market 

家庭出身 
family background 

家庭经济困难的学生 needy student  


家庭联产承包责任制 
the household contract responsibility system  

家庭窘照 
Awkward family pics.(Set up a couple of months ago, Awkward Family Photos is getting more than 2m hits a day, attracting major publishers to line up offering potential book deals. 网站成立不足2月，日点击量已逾200万。各大知名出版商纷纷排队抢购照片出版权。) 


家庭影院  
home theater

假小子  tomboy 

夹心层  
sandwich class (Applications commenced yesterday in response to the Hong Kong Housing Society's plans to sell sandwich-class flats in Tseung Kwan O for singles and families. The flats are priced 23 percent below market value. 香港房屋委员会计划面向单身人士和家庭出售将军澳地区的“夹心阶层住屋”，申请已于昨日开始。这些公寓的售价比市价要低23%。) 

家用电脑 
home-use PC  

家用电器 
household electrical appliance; home appliance 

家长制作风 patriarchal style 

家政服务 
household service 

家政服务业 
home services industry (Chinese government Wednesday announced guidelines 
designed to boost the development of home services industry across the country, vowing financial support and tax cuts. 我国本周三公布了在全国范围内促进家政服务业发展的政策措施，并指出要对该行业提供财政支持和税收优惠。) 

价值工程 
value engineering 

家族企业 family firm  

家族式管理 
family-run management (It is time for Chinese entrepreneurs, who are well known for their diligence and ability to handle pressure, to study Western management because their companies are growing larger and the old family-run management style is no longer suitable for the market-oriented business model. 以勤奋和强抗压能力著称的中国企业家应该研究一下西方管理学了，因为他们的公司正处于扩大时期，旧的家族式管理模式不再适应目前以市场为导向的商业模式。) 

加大污染治理力度  
strengthen pollution control 

假酒 
adulterated wine 

加快处置不良资产 
step up efforts in handling bad assets 

加快努力  
speed up efforts 

假冒伪劣商品 
counterfeit and substandard goods 

兼并 
merge; annexation 

见不得人的勾当 under-the-table deal 

剪彩 
cut the ribbon  

剪彩仪式  
ribbon cutting ceremony (The day has finally come for organizers and volunteers to open the doors of Beacon of Hope on the west side of Indianapolis. There will be a ribbon cutting ceremony at 8 a.m. July 27. 组织者和志愿者们终于要揭开印第安那波利斯市西部“希望灯塔”的神秘面纱了。剪彩仪式将在7月27日上午8点举行。) 

建仓 
open a position  

检察官 
public procurator 

检察机关 
procuratorial organ 

检察长 
chief procurator 


坚持不懈地进行“扫黄打非”斗争 
fight unremittingly against pornographic and illegal publications 

坚持对话,不搞对抗 
persist in dialogue, refrain from confrontation 


坚持解放思想、实事求是的思想路线，弘扬与时俱进的精神 
adhere to the ideological guideline of emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts, and upholds the spirit of advancing with time.

坚持统一，反对分裂，增加了解，化解歧见 
persist in reunification, oppose separation, increase understanding and iron out differences 

剪刀差 
price scissors; scissors movement of price 

监督部门 watchdog  

尖端产品 
highly sophisticated products  

尖端课题 
frontline subject 

减肥茶 diet tea 

减肥训练营 
weight loss camp (250 traffic police offers in Bangkok, Thailand, have entered a weight loss camp to burn the fat in their plump body from June 30. 泰国曼谷市250名体重超标的交通警察6月30日开始参加"交警减肥营"。) 

减肥药 
slimming drug; weight-loss drug (Fifteen weight-loss products containing the drug 
sibutramine have been recalled across the country over concern that the diet pills could lead to an increased risk of heart disease. 因担心会增加心血管病的风险，15种含有西布曲明的减肥产品已经在全国范围内被召回。) 

减负 
alleviate burdens on somebody  

监管漏洞 
supervision loopholes (Hao's case reflected supervision loopholes in the country's coal sector. 郝（鹏俊）的案子反映出国家煤炭领域的监管漏洞。) 

监护权 
custodial right 

舰舰导弹 
ship-to-ship missile 

间接选举 
indirect election 

渐进式台独 
gradual Taiwan independence 

渐近尾声  
draw to a close 

检举箱 
accusation letter box  

健康保险 
health insurance( The Bryants did not provide her with health insurance and she 
sustained damages of $20000 in unpaid overtime.科比夫妇没有给她提供健康保险，拖欠她2万美元薪水。) 

健康带菌者 
healthy carrier (In addition to the 19 confirmed cases, one student was diagnosed as a "healthy carrier," or a person who was infected with the cholera bacteria but displays no symptoms. However, "healthy carriers" can transmit the bacteria to others. 除了19个确诊病例外，还有一名学生被诊断为“健康带菌者”，也就是被感染了霍乱病毒但是却没有表现出症状。但是，“健康带菌者”可以把病毒传染给他人。) 

健康及意外险 
health and casualty insurance 

健康证 
health certificate (A university graduate who fought discrimination against Hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers for two years has received a health certificate allowing him to be employed in the food industry. 在与对乙肝病毒携带者的歧视斗争了两年之后，一位大学毕业生终于拿到了允许他从事食品行业的健康证。) 

建立公正、合理的国际政治经济新秩序 
build a fair and rational new international political and economic order 

建立健全国有资产管理和监督体制 
establish and perfect the management and supervision system of State-owned assets 

见面会 
meet-and-greet

简明新闻 news in brief 

减排 
carbon emission reduction (China's commitment on carbon emission reduction is scientific and practical, Chinese premier Wen Jiabao said at a news conference following the 
China-EU summit Monday. 本周一，在中欧峰会结束后的新闻发布会上，温家宝总理称，中国所做的碳减排承诺是科学和实际的。) 

减轻农民负担  
reduce farmers' burdens; lighten the burden on farmers 

建设公债  
public bonds for construction  


建设社会主义的物质文明和精神文明 
build a socialist civilization that is advanced culturally and ideologically, as well as materially; promote socialist material progress and socialist culture and ideology 

建设社会主义法治国家 
build a socialist country under the rule of law  

建设稳产高产基本农田 
make primary farmland capable of producing stable, high yields. 

建设有中国特色的社会主义 
build a socialist country under the rule of law build socialism with Chinese characteristics 

监事会 
board of inspectors 

减速玻璃(汽车） decelerating glass  

荐贤举能 
recommend the virtuous and the able 

减刑 
have one's sentence commuted 

减员增效 
downsize staffs and improve efficiency 

减灾 
disaster reduction; disaster mitigation; reduce damages caused by disaster 

舰载飞机 
carrier-borne aircraft; carrier aircraft 

简政放权 
streamline administration and delegate power; streamline administration and institute decentralization 

兼职教授 
adjunct Professor  

建筑面积  
floorage; floor space 

监察合一  
the integration of supervision and investigation 

坚持国家绝对控股  
keeping a controlling share in the state's hands 

坚持正确的政治方向 
pursue a correct political direction 


坚定信心，扎实工作，旗帜鲜明，毫无动摇 
enhance confidence, do a solid job, take a clear-cut stand and never waver in carrying on the fight in depth 

讲诚信，反欺诈: 
honor credibility and oppose cheating  

僵化思想 
ossified thinking 

将军肚 
general's belly; beer belly  

奖励工资制度 
a bonus wages system; a system of higher pay for better performance 


降落伞候选人，外来候选人（应召而来参加本人非所在地区竞选的政党候选人） parachute candidate  

江南水乡 
the south of the lower reaches of the Yangze River  

讲排场，摆阔气 
waste and extravagance 

讲求实效  
stress practical results; strive for practical results 

僵尸电脑 
zombie computer (Malicious code such as Conficker can be triggered to steal data or turn control of infected computers over to hackers amassing"zombie" machines for criminal ends. 入侵者可激活Conficker蠕虫病毒等恶意代码来窃取数据，或使被感染的电脑受黑客控制，进而产生大量的“僵尸电脑”以用于犯罪目的。) 

僵尸粉 
zombie fans ("Zombie fans" are artificial followers that can be bought and sold online for as little as 4 yuan (63 cents) a thousand. “僵尸粉”就是指那些可以在网上以每1000个4元（63美分）的便宜价格进行买卖的虚假粉丝。) 

僵尸手机 
zombie phone (We can compare an infected cell phone to a “zombie” phone. It will secretly send virus-linked text messages to your friends and colleagues and turn their phones into “zombies”, which will later create more “zombie” phones. 我们可以把染了病毒的手机比作一部“僵尸”手机，它会向你的朋友和同事发送带有病毒链接的信息，然后把他们的手机都变成“僵尸”，之后，这些手机又会发展出更多的“僵尸”手机。) 

降息 
reduction of interest  

降息 
reduction of interest rate  

讲义气 
be loyal to friends; remain faithful to friends 

降雨量 
precipitation level  

僵持 
stand-off (Two hijackers of a Sudanese jetliner surrendered to authorities in Libya after releasing all the passengers Wednesday after a 22-hour standoff. 经过22个小时的僵持，劫持苏丹客机的两名劫机者27日释放了所有人质，并向利比亚当局投降。) 

降低消耗 
to reduce consumption of resources 

建立促进经济社会可持续发展的机制 
establish a mechanism to promote sustainable social and economic development 

建立更加安全、更加尊重多样性和更加团结的世界 work for a safer, more diverse and united world 

建立巩固的国防  
build a strong national defense 

健全国有资本经营预算制度 
establishing a sound operating and budget system for state capital 
健全国有资本经营业绩考核体系  
establishing a sound performance evaluation system for state capital

健全国有资产重大损失责任追究制度 
establishing a sound system for assigning responsibility for major losses of state assets for state capital 


健全就业，收入分配和社会保障制度 
improve employment, income distribution and social security system 

减少和规范行政审批 
to reduce the number of matters requiring administrative examination and approval and standardize such procedures 

建设高素质的领导干部队伍 
build a contingent of high-calibre leading cardres 

建设统一开放竞争有序的现代市场体系 
establish a unified, open and orderly modern market system 

建设完整的社会主义市场经济体系  
establish a complete socialist market economic system 

建设信息化军队 
to build computerized armed forces 


“简税制、宽税基、低税率、严征管”的原则 
the principle of “a more simplified taxation system, broader tax collection basis, lower tax rates and stricter tax collection” 

简易过渡房 
makeshift shelter (1 million makeshift shelters for quake-hit areas must be finished in 3 and half months, according to the 11th State Council's meeting of disaster relief Tuesday.) 

减员增效 
reduce staff for greater efficiency  

叫板 
challenge; pick a quarrel 

脚踩两只船 
sit on the fence  

交叉报复  
cross retaliation  

交叉销售 
cross sale (Freeman said during a roundtable discussion with Chinese bankers that he believes cross sale―selling additional products or services to established 
customers―could be a core driver in increasing banks' profits. 在与中国银行家的座谈会上，Freeman说他相信交叉销售是提高银行利润的核心驱动力，交叉销售是指向现有客户推销新的产品及服务的销售方式。) 

交割 delivery 

教工 
teachers and staff 

铰接式公共汽车  
articulated bus (World's longest articulated bus makes debut in Brazil--The bus has a capacity of 250 passengers, is 28 meters long, 2.6 meters wide, and powered with 
biodiesel made from soybeans. 世界最长铰接式公共汽车在巴西首次亮相――这一公共汽车可容纳250名乘客，车身长28米，宽2.6米，采用的燃料是从大豆中提取的生物柴油。) 

交警 
traffic police 

交流学者 
exchange scholar 

胶囊公寓  
capsule apartment (Huang is auctioning a five-year patent to his life's work - the capsule apartments that have been capturing international media attention since last April. 黄正在拍卖其胶囊公寓的五年专利使用权。这种公寓是他毕生的一个成就，自去年四月以来就得到了国际媒体的关注。) 

矫情 
use lame arguments 

教书育人 
impart knowledge and educate people  

脚踏实地 
be down-to-earth  

交通补助  
travel allowance  

交通规则 
traffic regulation 

交通文明 
road civility (The capital released a top 10 of commonly seen bad driving habits at a press conference on Saturday in the hope of raising awareness of "road civility". On the list was using a cell phone, not wearing a seat belt, throwing trash out of windows and overusing the car horn. 上周六，北京市在新闻发布会上公布了“十大交通陋习”，希望能够提高市民的“文明交通”意识。名单列出的陋习包括在开车过程中使用手机、不系安全带、往车窗外扔垃圾，还有乱按喇叭等。) 

交通协管员 
traffic warden (The new method introduced in the city's downtown area requires traffic wardens to pull a rope across the pavement when the pedestrian's red light is on, to keep back pedestrians and bicyclists. When the light switches to green, the rope is pulled away. 这一新举措在该市城区实行，要求交通协管员在行人红灯亮起时拉起绳子阻断人行道，以阻止行人和骑自行车的人通过。等绿灯亮的时候，就放下绳子。) 

交通转盘 traffic circle 

焦土政策 
Scorched- Earth plan 

教务处  
dean's office 

侥幸球 fluke  

教学法 
pedagogy; teaching method  

教研室 
teaching and research division 

交钥匙工程 
turn-key project  

浇一瓢冷水 
throw cold water on；dampen the enthusiasm of 

教育部社政司 
Social Science Research and Ideological Work Department of the Ministry of Education  

教育规划纲要 
national education plan (Universal preschool education and a pledge to eliminate illiteracy are among the reforms of China's education system published in the country's national education plan for the next decade. 国家发布的未来十年教育规划纲要提到的中国教育体制改革目标包括了普及学前教育和承诺扫除文盲两项工作。) 

教育乱收费 
unauthorized collection of fees by educational institutions 

教育体制 
education bureaucracy (Premier Wen Jiabao on Saturday called for changes in the 
education bureaucracy, a problem that plagues China's development of education. 上周六，温家宝总理提出要进行教育体制改革，教育体制问题是中国教育发展过程中的一个困扰。) 

教育质量 
quality of education 

叫座 
a box-office success; draw a large audience 

交叉 感染 
cross transmission; cross-infection 

交接仪式 
handover ceremony

加强伙伴关系 
strengthen partnerships 

加强水土保持  
reinforce the conservation of water and soil 

加速科研成果向生产力的转化 
facilitate a faster transition from research to actual production 

家庭暴力 
domestic violence 

家庭装修用品 
home improvement products 

假文凭 
fake diplomas 

假帐 
accounting fraud  

家长会 
parent-teacher conference (Then call my ex-husband and remind him the parent-teacher conference is at Dalton tonight.) 

基本生活费  
basic allowances 

基层民主政治  
democracy at the local level  

鸡蛋羹 
steamed egg custard 

机顶盒 
set-top box (STB), set-top unit (A set-top box (STB) or set-top unit (STU) is a device that connects to a television and an external source of signal, turning the signal into content which is then displayed on the television screen.) 

机读形式 
machine-readable form 

结党营私 
form cliques for private gain 

街道企业 
neighborhood enterprise  

借调  
temporarily transfer 

借读生 
transient student 

戒毒所 
drug rehabilitation center  

阶段性就业 
periodic employment 

阶段性政策 interim policy 

解放生产力 
emancipate the productive forces  

解放思想、实事求是的思想路线 
ideological line of emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts  

解放思想、实事求是、与时俱进  
Emancipate the mind, Seek truth from the facts, Advance with the times 结构工资制 
structural wage system (内蒙古东胜市对村干部实行结构工资制，真正把村干部的工资与工作成绩、村集体经济收入紧紧地联系起来。Dongsheng City in Inner Mongolia carried out the composite wage system, closely connecting pay with village officials'work achievements and the economic revenue of the village's collective economy.)