2015年考研必备：历年英语翻译真题及解析

　　2013年考研英语翻译真题及解析

　　Part C

　　Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

　　It is speculated that gardens arise from a basic need in the individuals who made them: the need for creative expression. There is no doubt that gardens evidence an impossible urge to create, express, fashion, and beautify and that self-expression is a basic human urge; 46) yet when one looks at the photographs of the gardens created by the homeless, it strikes one that, for all their diversity of styles, these gardens speak of various other fundamental urges, beyond that of decoration and creative expression.

　　One of these urges has to do with creating a state of peace in the midst of turbulence, a “still point of the turning world,” to borrow a phrase from T. S. Eliot. 47) A sacred place of peace, however crude it may be, is a distinctly human need, as opposed to shelter, which is a distinctly animal need. This distinction is so much so that where the latter is lacking, as it is for these unlikely gardens, the former becomes all the more urgent. Composure is a state of mind made possible by the structuring of one’s relation to one’s environment. 48) The gardens of the homeless which are in effect homeless gardens introduce form into an urban environment where it either didn’t exist or was not discernible as such. In so doing they give composure to a segment of the inarticulate environment in which they take their stand.

　　Another urge or need that these gardens appear to respond to, or to arise from, is so intrinsic that we are barely ever conscious of its abiding claims on us. When we are deprived of green, of plants, of trees, 49) most of us give in to a demoralization of spirit which we usually blame on some psychological conditions, until one day we find ourselves in garden and feel the oppression vanish as if by magic. In most of the homeless gardens of New York City the actual cultivation of plants is unfeasible, yet even so the compositions often seem to represent attempts to call forth the spirit of plant and animal lift, if only symbolically, through a clumplike arrangement of materials, an introduction of colors, small pools of water, and a frequent presence of petals or leaves as well as of stuffed animals. On display here are various fantasy elements whose reference, at some basic level, seems to be the natural world. 50) It is this implicit or explicit reference to nature that fully justifies the use of word garden, though in a “liberated” sense, to describe these synthetic constructions. In them we can see biophilia—a yearning for contact with nonhuman life—assuming uncanny representational forms.

　　Part C Translation

　　46.【译文总结】然而，人们在观看那些无家可归者所创建的花园的照片时，会感到深深的震撼。虽然这些花园风格迥异，却在装饰和创造性表达之外透露出了其他多种基本的人类诉求。

　　47. 【译文总结】无论地方多么简陋，寻求一片静谧的圣土是人类特有的需求，而动物需要的则仅仅是避难栖息之所。

　　48.【译文总结】无家可归者的花园实际上是无家可归的，却给城市带来一种以前没有的或者并非如此明显的环境形式。

　　49.【译文总结】我们大多数人会陷入精神萎靡的状态，并常常将此归咎为一些心理原因，直到某天我们发现自己置身在一座花园之中，烦闷如变魔术般消除殆尽。

　　50.【译文总结】即使“花园”一词的使用在某种意义上有些随性，但正是这种对自然的或含蓄或明确的表达，证明了用其来描述这些人造建筑是完全合乎情理的。

　　参考译文

　　据推测,花园的产生源于建造者个人的一种基本需求: 创造性表现的需要。毫无疑问,花园表达了一种创造、表现、使用和美化非现实的欲望，而自我表现则是人类的一种基本欲望。46 然而，人们在观看那些无家可归者所创建的花园的照片时，会感到深深的震撼。虽然这些花园风格迥异，却在装饰和创造性之外透露出了其他多种基本的人类诉求。

　　其诉求之一与动荡中谋求平静的欲望密切相关，借用T.S.Eliot的话就是“纷繁世界中的一片静土”。 47 无论地方多么简陋，寻求一片静谧的圣土是人类特有的需求，而动物需要的则仅仅是避难栖息之所。这种区别示如此的明显，以至于在栖息之所缺乏的地方，静土变得更为迫切需要。平静的心态是可以通过构建个人与其所处环境的关系而实现的。48 无家可归者的花园实际上是无家可归的，却给城市带来一种以前没有的或者并非如此明显的环境形式。这样，他们给不会言语的环境带来部分宁静，并在其中表明了自己的立场。

　　这些花园所表达或源起的另一种诉求或需要是其所固有的，但我们却几乎从未意识到其对我们的持久要求。当我们失去绿色、植物和树木时, 49 我们大多数人会陷入精神萎靡的状态，并常常将此归咎为一些心理原因，直到某天我们发现自己置身在一座花园之中，烦闷如变魔术般消除殆尽。在纽约市许多无家可归者的花园中，真正的植物栽培是不可行的,但是即便如此，表达尝试材料运用、颜色组合、小水池、花瓣、树叶以及动物标本的作品随处可见。从某种基本层面上而言，这里展出的各种奇幻元素看来都来自自然界。50 即使“花园”一词的使用在某种意义上有些随性，但正是这种对自然的或含蓄或明确的表达，证明了用其来描述这些人造建筑是完全合乎情理的。从中，我们可以看到以离奇的具象派形式呈现出的生物自卫本能 —— 一种与非人类进行联系的渴望。